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lorazepam 331 mg tablet reviews

Department of Pharmaceutics, H. Fast disintegrating tablets of lorazepam were prepared by effervescent method with a view to enhance patient compliance. A 3 2 full factorial design was applied to investigate tablet reviews combined effect of two formulation variables: The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, thickness, drug content uniformity and in vitro dispersion time. Surface tablet reviews plots are presented to graphically represent the effect of independent variables concentrations of crospovidone and effervescent material on the in vitro dispersion time.

The validity of the generated mathematical model was tested by preparing two extra-design check point formulations. The optimized tablet formulation was compared with conventional marketed tablet for drug tablet reviews profiles. The major problem faced by many patients with conventional tablet dosage form is e63 yellow xanax pill identifier in swallowing. This problem is more apparent when tramadol side effects nz stuff horoscopes water is not easily available to the patient taking medicine.

Hence, patients may not comply with prescription, which results in high incidence of ineffective therapy[ 1 ]. The fast dissolving drug delivery system is rapidly gaining acceptance as an important novel drug tablet reviews system. This delivery system emerged from the desire to provide patient with more convenient medication, with better patient compliance than with conventional tablet dosage form.

Bioavailability of the drug from this delivery system is tablet reviews greater than from reviews tablets[ 2 — 4 ]. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative with reviews tablet antiepileptic properties. It may be used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures[ 5 ]. Epileptic patients have to strictly adhere to the dosage schedule and any non-compliance of dosage administration may lead to sub-therapeutic levels of drug in the systemic circulation, and hence recurrence of seizures.

Since a fast dissolving tablet FDT of the drug rapidly disintegrates in the mouth without need of water, such a dosage form will definitely enhance the patient compliance, especially, during travelling or in situations where water is not easily available. Hence, there is an obvious need for zoloft and xanax for anxiety and stress development of fast dissolving tablets to overcome patient non-compliance.

Further effervescent tablets have several advantages; a they are outstanding due to ease of administration and improved absorption of the active drug through previous dissolution in a buffered medium, b effervescent systems can buffer the aqueous solution of drug, so that the stomach pH increases leading ambien and diphenhydramine high prevention of degradation or inactivation of the active ingredient.

This buffering effect via carbonation induces the stomach to empty quickly, usually within 20 min into small intestine and results in maximum absorption of active ingredient, c effervescent tablets are advantageous since the drug product is already in solution at the time it is consumed, making the absorption faster and more complete when compared tablet reviews conventional tablet, d they dissolve fully in a buffered solution.

Reduced localized contact in upper GIT leads to less tablet reviews and greater tolerability. Buffering also prevents gastric acids from interacting with drugs themselves, which reviews tablet be a major cause of stomach and esophageal upsets, e tablet reviews retain their palatability after lengthy storage; moreover, they produce fizzy tablets, which may have better consumer appeal than the traditional dosage forms, f excellent stability that is inherent to effervescent reviews tablet, particularly surpassing liquid forms, g drugs delivered using effervescent technology have predictable and reproducible pharmacokinetic profiles that are more consistent than tablets or capsules, h effervescent components aid in improving the therapeutic profiles of active ingredients.

They also help in solubilization of poorly soluble drugs, i effervescence induces penetration enhancement of broad range of compounds ranging in size, structure and other physiological properties. Effervescent blend can be used to obtain programmed drug delivery, j in remote areas, especially where parenteral forms are not available due to prohibitive cost, lack of qualified medical staff, effervescent tablets could become an alternative, e. Aim of the present study was to develop and optimize such a FDT for lorazepam using simple and cost-effective methodology.

All other lorazepam 331 used were of analytical reagent grade. Fast disintegrating tablets of reviews tablet were prepared by effervescent method[ 6 ] according to the formulae given in Table 1. Lorazepam, mannitol, pineapple flavour, aspartame and cros-povidone were accurately weighed and sifted through sieve No. The ingredients after sifting through sieve No. The blend thus obtained was directly compressed at 8 mm size to get a tablet of mg weight.

C 1 and C 2 are extra design check-point formulations. To determine weight variation, twenty tablets were selected randomly from each formulation and were weighed individually using a Shimadzu digital balance BLH. The individual weights were compared with the average weight for tablet reviews the weight variation[ 7 ]. Ten tablets from each formulation were selected randomly and their thickness was measured with a screw gauge for calculating thickness variation. Pre-weighed tablets were placed in a plastic chambered friabilator attached to a motor revolving at a speed of 25 rpm for 4 min.

Drug content uniformity was determined by weighing ten tablets, pulverizing to a fine powder. A quantity of powder equivalent to 1 mg of lorazepam was extracted into methanol and the solution was filtered through a 0. The drug content was "lorazepam 331" using standard calibration curve. The mean percent drug content was calculated as an average of three determinations[ 8 ].

In vitro dispersion time was determined by placing one tablet in a beaker containing 10 ml of pH 6. Wetting time was determined by carefully placing a tablet on lorazepam 331 a twice folded circular tissue paper placed in a Tablet having internal diameter of 5cm containing 6 ml of water. The time required for water to reach the upper surface of the tablet and to completely wet it was noted as the wetting time.

The weight of the tablet prior to placing in the Petri-dish was noted w b using a Shimadzu balance. The wetted tablet was removed and reweighed w a. One tablet was used in each test. Aliquotes of the dissolution medium 5 ml were withdrawn at specific time intervals 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 and 30 min and replaced with the equal volume of fresh medium. The samples were filtered through 0.

Drug concentration was calculated from the standard calibration curve and expressed as cumulative percent drug dissolved. The release studies were performed in replicates of six. At intervals of one month, the tablets were visually examined for any physical changes and changes in drug content. At the end of 3 mo period, the formulation was also subjected to dissolution studies.

Based on the results of the preliminary trial formulations of 13 batches of three different combinations of effervescent materials, a 3 2 full factorial design was used for simultaneous evaluation of two formulation variables and their interaction, each at three levels and trials were performed at all nine possible combinations[ 11 ]. The best combination "reviews" of sodium bicarbonate-citric acid and tartaric acid [ 12 ] of effervescent material was used in the optimization of the tablet reviews. The effect of the independent variables, viz.

Lorazepam FDT were prepared by effervescent method; formulation reviews was done using a 3 2 full factorial design employing crospovidone as super-disintegrant and blend of sodium bicarbonate-citric acid and tartaric acid as an effervescent material, along with directly compressible mannitol Pearlitol SDwhich was used to enhance the mouth feel, based on the results of preliminary trial formulations. A total of nine formulations, a control formulation EF 0 without super disintegrant and two extra-design check point formulations C 1 and C 2 to check validity of the reviews polynomial equation reviews, were designed.

Hardness of the tablets was found to be 3. Formulation EF 9 was found to be promising and displayed an in vitro dispersion time of 13 s, which facilitates faster dispersion in the mouth. Based on the results of preliminary trail formulations of 13 batches, optimization of the FDT formulation has been done using a 3 2 full factorial design formulations "Reviews" 1 to EF 9.

Reviews tablet 331 lorazepam mg Disso V3 software was used to develop a polynomial equation for the dependent variable in vitro dispersion time. In vitro dissolution parameters, including dissolution efficiency[ 13 ] of the promising formulation EF 9the control EF 0 and the commercial conventional tablet formulation CCF are shown in Table 4 and the white pill g3722 xanax profiles, and dissolution parameters depicted in figs.

In vitro cumulative percent drug release versus time profile of promising lorazepam formulations. Plot tablet reviews cumulative percent drug release in pH 6. Comparative in vitro drug release and dissolution efficiency D IR spectroscopic studies indicated that the drug is compatible with all the excipients. The IR spectrum of EF 9 showed all the characteristic peaks of lorazepam, thus confirming that no interaction of drug occurred with the components of the formulation.

Polynomial equation for 3 2 full factorial design with two independent variables i. The main valium 5 mg experience X how long until klonopin takes effect and X 2 represent the average results of changing one factor at a time from its low to high value. The interaction term X 1 X 2 shows reviews the response changes when two factors are simultaneously changed.

The polynomial terms X 1 2 and X 2 2 are included to investigate non-linearity. The negative sign for coefficients of X 1 and X 2 indicate that as the concentration of disintegrants increases, in vitro dispersion time decreases. The data clearly indicates that the in vitro get phentermine out of system time values are strongly dependent on reviews selected independent variables. Validity of the above equation "331 lorazepam" verified reviews tablet designing two extra design check point formulations C 1 and C 2 and determining the in vitro dispersion time.

The in vitro dispersion tablet reviews values predicted from the equation for these formulations are The closeness of the predicted and observed values for C 1 and C 2 in the method indicates validity of derived equation for the dependent variable in vitro dispersion time. The computer generated response surface and contour plots for the dependent variable are shown in fig. Response how can i lose more weight on phentermine plot of factorial variables on in vitro is klonopin safe during first trimester time The shaded regions indicate the range of response variables, Y 1 in vitro dispersion time.

Contour plot of factorial variables on in vitro dispersion time The shaded regions indicate the range of response variables, Y 1 in vitro dispersion time. The results a 3 2 full factorial design reveal that the amounts of crospovidone X 1 and effervescent material X 2 significantly affect the dependent variable Y 1the in vitro dispersion time. It is thus concluded that, by adopting a systematic formulation approach, an optimum point can be reached in the shortest time with minimum efforts.

Effervescent technique would be an effective approach compared with the use of more expensive adjuvants in the formulation of fast dissolving tablets with improved drug dissolution, patient compliance, convenience and acceptability. Fast Disintegrating Lorazepam Tablets. National Center for Biotechnology InformationU. Indian J Pharm Sci. Jodhanaand P. Shirsand Department of Pharmaceutics, H. Jodhana Department of Pharmaceutics, H. Swamy Department of Pharmaceutics, H.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Fast disintegrating tablets of lorazepam were prepared by effervescent method with a view to enhance patient compliance.

Preparation of fast disintegrating tablets of lorazepam: Open in a separate window. Evaluation of fast dissolving tablets: Formulation EF 9 was selected as the best and used in further studies. In vitro drug release study: Optimization of the formulation using 3 2 full factorial design: In vitro cumulative percent drug release versus time profile of promising lorazepam formulations Plot showing cumulative percent drug release in pH 6.

Footnotes Shirsand, et al.: